Shop PortfoliosVolunteers

The Dard Hunter Digital Collection at the University of Utah Marriott Library

Winter 2005
Winter 2005
:
Volume
20
, Number
2
Article starts on page
33
.

The Marriott Library is a leader within the United States in creating access to its collections through its award-winning Digital Library. Established in 2000, the Digital Library includes the Utah Digital Newspapers project which contains over 200,000 digitized pages from statewide newspapers printed between 1879 and 1956. The Western Waters Digital Library, launched in 2003 with eleven other institutions in eight states, is a comprehensive digital resource relating to water in the Western United States. And today, the Mountain West Digital Library represents the digital collections from a consortium of universities, colleges, public libraries, museums, and historical societies within the state of Utah and Nevada. Rare books have been a part of the Library's digital scanning program from its inception. Books selected for digitization are chosen based upon research value, scarcity, and the need to minimize handling of fragile materials. The books produced by Dard Hunter meet all three criteria. Thus, in 2004, and with the permission of Dard Hunter III, the Marriott Library Digital Technologies staff began to digitize the Dard Hunter book collection.

Purchase Issue

Other Articles in this Issue

Each book was scanned on a Zeutschel OS10000 book scanner in 24-bit color at 400 pixels per inch resolution with a 4X oversampling rate. (Oversampling allowed the scanner to read each pixel X number of times and then average the results to reduce noise.) According to Kenning Arlitsch, head of the Marriott Library's Information Technology Division, the Dard Hunter files were saved in TIFF file format and then post-processed with Adobe PhotoShop CS. Post processing included adjustment of contrast and levels, rotation, cropping, and an unsharp mask. File size varied widely because of the differing physical size of the books, but were generally between 50MB–200MB each. ABBY FineReader optical character recognition (OCR) software was run on the image files to produce searchable text files. CONTENTdm is the Marriott Library's digital asset management software. It is used to organize, manage, and present digital collections of all formats – not only rare books, but also photographs, maps, documents, newspapers, video, and audio. The TIFF files of the Dard Hunter books scans were imported into The Dard Hunter Digital Collection at the University of Utah Marriott Library madelyn garrett Marriott Library Dard Hunter digital collection website where the text of Dard Hunter books can be read in full and searched by keyword. http://www.lib.utah.edu /digital/dard/. All photos courtesy of University of Utah Marriott Library. Page 63 of Dard Hunter's Papermaking Pilgrimage to Japan, Korea, and China (Pynson Printers, 1936), as viewed on-screen. winter 2005 - 33 CONTENTdm's compound object creator, along with the OCR text files. Upon import, the re-sized JPEG display images were automatically generated by CONTENTdm, along with thumbnail images. The compound object creator wrapped the individual page scans with an XML file, which provides the presentation structure and navigation features. Dublin Core metadata fields were applied to each book and the compound objects were uploaded to our CONTENTdm server. The compound object viewer allows for searching and navigation within each book. Users see the page image on the right side of the screen and links to the individual pages on the left. A page turning feature is also evident. The books are searchable across the entire collection, and have been aggregated to the multi-state Mountain West Digital Library found at http://mwdl.org. The Marriott Library acquired their first Dard Hunter publications in 1989. The six books, still in pristine condition and several in their original packing material, were mostly purchased originally from Dard Hunter himself. These included Old Papermaking in China and Japan (1932); Papermaking in Southern Siam (1936); Chinese Ceremonial Paper (1937); Papermaking by Hand in India (1939); Papermaking in Indo-China (1947); and Papermaking by Hand in America (1950). Thus, at one time, the Marriott Library acquired more than half of Hunter's major works. It was this single purchase that marked the beginning of the determined and steady development of the Marriott Library's history of papermaking collection. Over the next several years, the remaining Hunter books were located and purchased. First came The Life Work of Dard Hunter (by Dard Hunter II, 1981–83); then Old Papermaking (1923); Primitive Papermaking (1927); and finally, A Papermaking Pilgrimage to Japan, Korea, and China (1936). Following these, the Library began to purchase the many works designed by or related to Dard Hunter. At the same time, this growing collection of Hunter's works inspired additional acquisitions: more and more paper specimen books, reference books, collections of watermarks, and all things connected with the history and manufacture of paper. The history of papermaking is an important part of the Marriott Library's collections on the history of the book, which include works relating to printing and binding from over 700 historical and contemporary fine presses, and an ever-growing number of artist books. The papermaking collection is dynamic and meant to be used, not only by University of Utah students, faculty, and participants in the Library's Book Arts Program, but by everyone. It is the nature of a Special Collections that people who wish to use rare books must come to a reading room and view one book at a time. To read one of Hunter's books in its entirety, then, requires a good amount of time and commitment. The Marriott Library's digital initiative offers today's researchers, anywhere in the world, full access to the books outside the reading room and searchability by keyword, saving time and wear and tear on the actual items. That said, however, it is not possible to experience online the full beauty of the Dard Hunter books. The opulence of these works can only be witnessed while sitting before the books themselves. The smell and touch of handmade paper, the crisply-incised letterforms embedded deeply within the paper, the satisfaction of wellproportioned pages proceeding one after the other – these physical aspects tell the full story of Dard Hunter's lifelong adventure with paper. It is the Marriott Library's hope that once these digitized volumes are viewed online, the researcher will then waste no time in visiting the originals. Book-scanning equipment operated by Kelly Taylor, Digital Technology Division, Marriott Library. Student viewing Dard Hunter's Papermaking By Hand In America (Mountain House Press, 1950) in the Special Collections reading room of the Marriott Library.